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The Bologna process has been underway since 1998 when a number of European countries began to consider a model for developing co-ordinated and cohesive higher education policies that would allow for greater employability and mobility of citizens and make European higher education competitive in the global market.

In 1999 the Bologna Declaration was signed by 29 countries. The intention of the process is not to create standardised systems or curricula across the signatory nations, but to move towards a convergence of structures within the individual education systems.

Six objectives are identified within the Declaration to establish a European Higher Education Area (EHEA):

1. Adoption of a system of easily readable and comparable degrees.
2. Adoption of a system essentially based on two main cycles, Bachelors and Masters (3 years and 2 years respectively).
3. Establishment of a system of credits - as in the European Credit Transfer
   System (ECTS).
4. Promotion of mobility by overcoming obstacles to the effective exercise of
   free movement.
5. Promotion of European co-operation in quality assurance.
6. Promotion of the necessary European dimensions in higher education.

The process is due to be completed by 2010. For further information see the Europe Unit website

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